美國(guó)商務(wù)部長(zhǎng)吉娜·雷蒙多上周表示，美國(guó)計(jì)劃在2022年初正式啟動(dòng)與印度-太平洋地區(qū)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)框架談判。
雷蒙多說(shuō)，她和美國(guó)貿(mào)易代表凱瑟琳·泰最近訪問(wèn)了一些亞洲國(guó)家，通過(guò)討論框架可能涵蓋的問(wèn)題，為該框架“奠定基礎(chǔ)”。其中包括供應(yīng)鏈彈性、數(shù)字貿(mào)易、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、出口管制、技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全和半導(dǎo)體制造。
該框架似乎是美國(guó)加入跨太平洋戰(zhàn)略經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)議（CPTPP）的替代方案。雷蒙多表示，該協(xié)議“現(xiàn)在不會(huì)發(fā)生”。她說(shuō)，美國(guó)認(rèn)為，與傳統(tǒng)自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定所涵蓋的問(wèn)題相比，框架方法允許在更廣泛的問(wèn)題上做出更靈活的安排。這也不需要像自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定那樣需要美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)的批準(zhǔn)。
就這一舉措而言，雷蒙多指出，美國(guó)對(duì)關(guān)鍵材料和供應(yīng)品的“友好支持”制造業(yè)感興趣。美國(guó)確實(shí)希望在可能的情況下增加國(guó)內(nèi)供應(yīng)和生產(chǎn)，但她也明白現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)流程包含復(fù)雜的全球供應(yīng)鏈，而且這種情況不太可能改變。與此同時(shí)，美國(guó)希望確保這些供應(yīng)鏈在可能的情況下通過(guò)盟國(guó)運(yùn)行。（關(guān)務(wù)小二翻譯僅供參考，詳情請(qǐng)見原文） 原文 U.S. to Start Talks Soon on Indo-Pacific Economic Framework
The U.S. plans to formally launch in early 2022 talks on an economic framework with countries in the Indo-Pacific region, Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo said last week.
Raimondo said she and U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai visited a number of Asian countries recently to “l(fā)ay the groundwork” for the framework by discussing the issues it might cover. Those include supply chain resiliency, digital trade, infrastructure, export controls, technology standards, cybersecurity, and semiconductor manufacturing.
The framework appears to be the U.S.’ alternative to joining the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, which Raimondo said “is not going to happen now.” She said the U.S. believes a framework approach allows for more flexible arrangements on a broader range of issues than those covered in a traditional free trade agreement. It would also not require approval by the U.S. Congress as an FTA would, she said.
In connection with this initiative Raimondo noted that the U.S. is interested in “friendshoring” manufacturing of critical materials and supplies. The U.S. does want to increase domestic supply and production where possible, Raimondo said, but it also understands that modern production processes incorporate complex global supply chains and that this is not likely to change. At the same time, the U.S. wants to ensure that those supply chains run through allied countries where possible.